What emissions are released in the Plasma Arc Reactor process?
Plasma Arc technology is a zero emissions process.       Go Top

What is plasma Arc?  Plasma arc is a sustained” lighting bolt” that creates extreme heat.  When a feedstock comes in contact with the “lightning bolt” the material disassociates or breaks down to base elements. We use Reactors that are devoid of oxygen so no incineration takes place. The elements that compose the feedstock break apart from each other in the intense heat and are collected  for reuse to create different  new compounds. Go Top

What is plasma?   Plasma is an ionized gas that is conditioned to respond to electromagnetic forces.  The plasma arc is created when a voltage is established between two points.  The plasma acts as a resistive heating element and as a resistive hearing element it presents a distinct advantage over any solid heating element as plasma is a gas and cannot melt or fail.  The plasma arc creates a “flame” that has temperatures ranging from 4,000 to 7,000 ºC, which is hotter than the surface of the sun.      Go Top

Do plants meet EPA standards? Yes. We are a totally self contained system with basically no emissions .We meet standards set to 2050. Go Top

How does this system compare to Atmospheric (Hybrid) gasifier? A Gasifier typically has a smokestack and produces CO2, CO, N2, NO2, Sox, SO2, NOx, Mercury discharges, etc. Ours has no smokestacks and has zero emissions.

What is MSW?  Municipal Solid Waste Go Top

How much waste do some cities produce?

US Coastal/ Water Cities (NYC 36.200 Tons Per Day, Los Angeles 12MMT, Boston 6MMT , Chicago 6 MMT, Canada Border (Toronto 8MMT) or Canada,  Detroit 4MMT,  Miami, New Orleans, Houston, Galveston , Seattle 6MMT, Atlanta , New Jersey, San Diego, St Louis, San Francisco 8MMT, Portland 5MMT.             Go Top

What municipal solid wastes (MSW) can you dispose? Basically any carbon based material. Municipal Waste in landfills, Sewage Waste, Petroleum sludge, industrial waste, Bio Hazardous (Hospital Waste, Vaccines, Chemical Warfare toxins), PCB’s, Asbestos, Mattresses, Refrigerators, Tires, Vinyl out of Car and computer industries, Computer Waste- Boards and Vinyl), E-Waste. All waste with exception of Nuclear Fuel Rods over grade 5.  Go Top

What are the By products of MSW conversion? SynGas, Gasoline   (Hi Octane 107 to 125),Naphtha, Jet Fuel and Diesel 0%, CO2, Rockwell-slag, Recycled metals (au, silver nickel copper pig iron, mercury), Nitrogen, Heat/Electricity.  Go Top

What are other non MSW Feed Stocks? Crude oil, high sulfur coal, sand tar, oil shale. These would be used in refinery process to create syngas, hi octane gasoline, naphtha, jet fuel and diesel 0.  Go Top

What is E Waste? E-waste is a popular, informal name for electronic products nearing the end of their "useful life." Computers, televisions, VCRs, stereos, copiers, and fax machines are common electronic products. Many of these products can be reused, refurbished, or recycled. Unfortunately, electronic discards is one of the fastest growing segments of our nation's waste stream.   Go Top

What state or form can you take in feed stocks?  Solid, liquid or gas. Go Top

What size are plants? MSW Plants are scalable to meet needs but 4000 Metric tons per day plant is good for MSW or landfill.  Specialty plants can be size down to 5 metric tons per day. IF using technology to build a refinery size goes upwards of 33, 0000 metric tons per day or the equivalent of 250,000 barrels. Go Top

How many MSW plants do we need in US?  220      Go Top

How many MSW plants do we need worldwide?  1500 Go Top

How can this technology be applied? Applications are:

• New emission free refineries that use coal (even hi sulfur), crude, sand tar or oil shale as its feedstock to produce petroleum products making us independent of foreign oil.
• New emission free electricity production that can use high sulfur coal as feedstock.
• Conversion of old refineries to meet new EPA requirements.
• Destruction of Asbestos, toxic wastes, industrial waste and petroleum sludge that is being stored and is leaching into our water supply.
• Landfill clean up and a clean alternative for landfills. Our waste could generate enough gasoline to make us independent of foreign supplies.
• Clean up water supplies that are contaminated.    Go Top

What is Syngas? Syngas or SynGas are acronyms for Synthetic Gas.   Syngas which is produced from the gasification of coal or other feedstock is basically CO and H2. In general, the higher the CO ratio, higher is the BTU content which is important for burning syngas in gas-turbines or in boilers. The following is a short list of products directly derived from syngas: Ammonia, Urea, Methanol, Diesel, Ammonium Sulfate, Hydrogen, Dimethyl Ether Ethanol, various Oxochemicals used in paint manufacture such as Butyraldehyde, Butanol,   2-Ethylhexanol, Di-octyl-phthalate and Carboxylic Acids.  Go Top

What products are derived from syngas?
      Middle Distillates:
                107 to 125 octane near pure Gasoline
                75 to 77 Cetane near pure Bio-Diesel
                Jet Fuel 1 to 8 near pure form
                Naphtha, Paraffins, LPG
                        Ammonia
                        Urea
                        Ammonium Sulfate
                        Hydrogen
                        Dimethyl Ether
                        Ethanol
      Various Oxochemicals Used in Paint manufacture
                Butyraldehyde
                Butanol
                2-Ethylhexanol
                Di-octyl-phthalate
                Carboxlic Acids
      Polymers: Ethyl, Ethylene, Polyethylene, Propylene,    Polypropylene, Styrene, etc. Go Top

How much hazardous  waste  do Americans generate? Americans generate an average of 1.6 million tons of household hazardous waste a year.  This may include such things as paint, stains, varnish, car batteries, and cleaning solvents. Consequently included in municipal solid waste may be toxic contaminants from such things as cleansing detergents. Additionally, solid waste spills negatively impact global warming as well. Go Top

How much MSW does the US generate? The present rate of generation of MSW in the U.S. is estimated at about 220 million tons, i.e. about 0.8 tons per capita. 

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What is pyrolysis? Heating material in a controlled atmosphere in which there is not enough oxygen to initiate burning. The process produces gases that can be used as fuel. Two, the by-products of pyrolysis (hydrogen, carbon and carbon monoxide) are different from the products of combustion (carbon dioxide and water) and offers options for chemical energy recovery that combustion and incineration do not. Go Top